Makal Business Voice

This research attempts to provide clear and simple Stock Exchange.
Undoubtedly, the way you have to follow any company to reach its goal is to provide goods and services to match its competition, the global market.
The stock market is very important because it creates a parameter for comparing and analyzing the situation of a company against its competition.

Definition:
The stock exchange is a private entity incorporated as a corporation, which is officially regulated.  It’s called “market” where operations of purchase and sale of stocks, bonds, investment certificates and other securities listed on an exchange, there are the buyers and sellers of securities trading through its brokerage.
Through such an organization borrows money, and instead of paying interest issues shares to investors, who become part owners of the organization.  Receive dividends on their shares according to the results of the organization.

It is important because it gives us:
- Security.  Regulates, among other issues, investor protection and market transparency.
- Liquidity.  Allows easy access to the market where the investor can buy and sell securities quickly and at prices determined according to supply and demand.
- Transparency.  Allows investors to have timely and accurate information regarding securities listed and traded on it, and listed companies through various publications and electronic information systems provided in this way, investors can count on  elements necessary to make appropriate investment decisions.

In other words are important because through them there is a direct meeting between people who have money and want to invest, so-called investors, and sellers of securities that may be the investors or companies who choose to sell securities in exchange for  money (capital) or to develop projects, working capital or to refinance debt.

Overall objectives
The general objectives of the exchange are:
- Facilitate the exchange of funds between the entities that need funding and investors.
- To provide liquidity to investors in the stock market
- Pricing of securities through the law of supply and demand.
- Provide information to investors about publicly traded companies.
- Publish the prices and quantities traded to inform interested investors and institutions.

Specific objectives
- Provide in securities and brokerage operations and provide its customers with an information system and data processing.
- Gives credit with its own resources only in order to facilitate the acquisition of securities by their customers and whether or not listed on the stock and guarantees of such securities.
- Make buying and selling foreign currency in accordance with the regulations change
- Perform operations with the international market with an instrument of country’s external debt.

Historical Review
The markets in which securities are traded there since ancient times.  In Athens there was what was known as Emporion and Rome was the collegium mercatorum where merchants would gather on a regular basis at a fixed time.  The current stock market from the Italian and Dutch commercial cities of the thirteenth century.  The Origin of the Exchange as an institution is given at the end of the fifteenth century medieval fairs of Western Europe, they began the practice of securities transactions and securities.
The term “stock” appeared in the city of Bruges (Belgium) at the end of the sixteenth century, merchants used to gather, to carry out their business in a compound owned by Van der Bursa.  Hence derived the name “Stock Exchange”, which remains valid today.
In 1460 the Exchange was established in Antwerp, the first institution market in a modern sense.  1570, establishing the London Stock Exchange and in 1595 the Lyon.  New York Stock Exchange was born in 1792 and Paris in 1794, were appearing on other stock exchanges in major cities worldwide.  The first stock exchange was officially recognized in 1831.

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